Indomethacin

Indomethacin is a non-steroidal, anti-inflammatory agent that inhibits cyclooxygenase (COX) activity, thereby blocking the production of prostaglandins (Vane et al.). Indomethacin inhibits both COX-1 and COX-2 (IC50 = 0.08 and 0.96 µM for recombinant human COX-1 and COX-2, respectively; Kurumbail et al.).

DIFFERENTIATION
· Activates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-γ (PPARγ), a ligand-activated transcription factor known to play a pivotal role in adipogenesis (Lehmann et al.).

· Inhibits chondrogenic differentiation in ATDC5 cells and bone marrow stem cells (Caron et al.).

CANCER RESEARCH

· Inhibits growth of mouse mammary tumors (Fulton).

· Induces apoptosis in prostate and gastric cancer cells (Chiou et al.; Liu et al.).